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Causes and risk factors of Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is an acquired disease, with genetic and environmental factors contributing to its development. The most important risk factors are:

Obesity and pregnancy. This increases intra-abdominal pressure and promotes reflux.

Smoking.

Hiatal hernia. It happens when part of the stomach moves toward the chest through the diaphragmatic hiatus (which is a natural opening in the diaphragm muscle).

Medication. For example, calcium channel blockers, anticholinergics, aminophyllines, nitrates, opiates and steroids.

Position. Being stretched out makes it easier for substances to pass from the stomach into the oesophagus, which may lead to reflux.

Substantiated information by:

Helena Hernàndez Èvole Gastroenterologist Gastroenterology Service

Published: 29 November 2023
Updated: 29 November 2023

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