Diagnosis and testing dementia

Neuropsychological tests: these tests objectively assess the patient's cognitive abilities (memory, language, reasoning, etc.). The patient’s score is compared to the general population of the same age and educational level, as both of these factors affect the test results.

Blood analysis: general health parameters that may affect brain function are assessed. Currently, no blood marker can reliably confirm the diagnosis of frontotemporal dementia.

Structural neuroimaging: Radiological neuroimaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provide a structural image of the brain, which allows the pattern of brain atrophy to be assessed.

Functional neuroimaging: Other nuclear medicine techniques, such as positron emission tomography, use substances with a small dose of radioactivity to provide an image of how the brain's metabolism works (fluorodeoxyglucose PET and DAT-SPECT).

Lumbar puncture: this test allows a sample of cerebrospinal fluid (the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord) to be obtained. Because it is in contact with the brain, it provides us with important information about problems involving this organ. Cerebrospinal fluid studies can reliably distinguish frontotemporal dementia from other dementias such as Alzheimer's disease.

Genetic testing: In cases of familial frontotemporal dementia, tests can be conducted to study potential genetic mutations. These genetic studies can be carried out using a blood test.